Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated due to various causes e.g. plaque build up. High blood pressure may initially present as persistent headaches but what makes it dangerous it that there may be no symptoms at all, if left untreated it may lead to heart attacks or strokes.

Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body turn glucose into a usable energy source or coverts it to glycogen for storage. With type 1 diabetes, your body does not produce insulin or cannot produce enough. With type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your body does produce enough or use insulin or it cannot utilize the insulin produced leading to increased blood glucose levels.

Dyslipidemia is an abnormal amount of lipids (e.g. triglycerides, cholesterol and/or fat phospholipids) in the blood. Most dyslipidemias are hyperlipidemias; that is, an elevation of lipids in the blood. This is often due to diet and lifestyle.

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. A high BMI can be an indicator of high body fatness. BMI can be used to screen for weight categories that may lead to health problems but it is not diagnostic of the body fatness or health of an individual.

Allergies, infections, or pollution can trigger asthma like symptoms. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Lung conditions defined by an inability to exhale normally, which causes difficulty breathing. Chronic bronchitis: A form of COPD characterized by a chronic cough.

Cancer rehabilitation involves helping a person with cancer or with the disease in remission to help themselves to obtain maximum physical, social, psychological, and occupational functioning within the limits imposed by disease and its treatment.

Some common diseases that are generally considered autoimmune include celiac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, Graves’ disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The diagnosis can be difficult to determine..Autoimmune disseases can be simply defined as the bodies own immune system attacking both healthy and harmfull cells simultaneously.

Parkinson’s disease affects the nerve cells in the brain that produce dopamine. Parkinson’s disease symptoms include muscle rigidity, tremors, and changes in speech and gait. After diagnosis, treatments can help relieve symptoms, but there is no cure as of yet.

Alzheimer’s is the most common cause of dementia, a general term for memory loss and other cognitive abilities serious enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer’s disease accounts for 60 percent to 80 percent of dementia cases.

Stress is a feeling of emotional or physical tension. It can come from any event or thought that makes you feel frustrated, angry, or nervous. Stress is your body’s reaction to a challenge or demand. In short bursts, stress can be positive, such as when it helps you avoid danger or meet a deadline.

Mental disorders (or mental illnesses) are conditions that affect your thinking, feeling, mood, and behavior. They may be occasional or long-lasting (chronic). They can affect your ability to relate to others and function each day.

Lifestyle management is the evidence-based practice of helping individuals and families adopt and sustain healthy behaviors that affect health and quality of life.

Orthopedic injuries include any injury to the musculoskeletal system. Often, these injuries relating to the bones and joints are a result of an accident or trauma to the body.

Paget disease of bone, chronic disease of middle age, characterized by excessive breakdown and formation of bone tissue. It is a localized disease that may be unifocal, affecting a single bone, or multifocal, affecting many bones or nearly the entire skeleton.

Muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass. In muscular dystrophy, abnormal genes (mutations) interfere with the production of proteins needed to form healthy muscle. There are many different forms of muscular dystrophy.

Rehabilitation is the post-surgical program of re-establishing joint motion, muscle strength around the joint and finally joint function. In this context, ‘progression’ means safely increasing workloads and stimuli on the repaired joint during the recovery process in order to achieve the same or better joint functioning as before the operation.

Stroke is a disease that affects the arteries leading to and within the brain. It is the No. 5 cause of death and a leading cause of disability in the United States. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is either blocked by a clot or bursts (or ruptures).

A neurological disorder is any disorder of the nervous system. Structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord or other nerves can result in a range of symptoms.

A spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function. Symptoms may include loss of muscle function, sensation, or autonomic function in the parts of the body served by the spinal cord below the level of the injury.

Posture can be defined as the position of the body in any environment or mode. In an actual postural evaluation, the patient may be asked to stand by a vertical plumb line so that the examiner can visualize any deviations from normal alignment.

If you’re into your running, you may have heard of something called a gait analysis. A gait analysis is a method for identifying biomechanical abnormalities in the gait cycle, or in other words, it’s a tool used to assess the way in which you walk and run to minimize the risk of injury.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. CVD includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease often involve atherosclerosis.

Post cardiac surgery rehabilitation is a medically supervised program designed to improve your cardiovascular health if you have experienced heart attack, heart failure, angioplasty or heart surgery.

The resting electrocardiogram is a test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. The heart is a muscular organ which pumps blood through rhythmic contractions induced by electric impulses generated by the sinus node, the heart’s natural pacemaker.

A cardiac stress test is a cardiological test that measures the heart’s ability to respond to external stress in a controlled clinical environment. The stress response is induced by exercise.